How high is public R&D expenditure, as a percentage of GDP?
Top group
Score
Public R&D Spending
10
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9
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Upper middle group
8
Norway
8.3
7
Austria
7.9
South Korea
7.9
Switzerland
7.5
Germany
7.3
Sweden
7.3
Denmark
7.2
6
Finland
6.9
Australia
6.8
Iceland
6.5
France
6.3
Lower middle group
5
Czechia
5.9
USA
5.9
Netherlands
5.6
Luxembourg
5.1
Portugal
5.1
Belgium
5.0
4
Canada
4.8
Estonia
4.8
Israel
4.8
New Zealand
4.7
Greece
4.6
Japan
4.6
Spain
4.5
Italy
4.3
UK
4.3
Slovenia
4.2
Hungary
4.1
Poland
4.0
3
Croatia
3.8
Lithuania
3.5
Slovakia
3.4
Turkey
3.4
Ireland
3.0
Bottom group
2
Mexico
2.8
Latvia
2.6
Cyprus
2.6
Bulgaria
2.3
Malta
2.3
Romania
2.3
Chile
2.3
1
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