Research, Innovation and Infrastructure

   

How high is public R&D expenditure, as a percentage of GDP?

EUOECD
 
Top group
Score
Public R&D Spending
10
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9
South Korea
9.1
1.08
 
Upper middle group
8
Austria
8.9
1.06
Norway
8.5
1.01
7
Germany
7.6
0.88
Switzerland
7.4
0.86
Denmark
7.3
0.84
Sweden
7.1
0.82
6
Australia
6.8
0.78
Finland
6.8
0.78
Iceland
6.6
0.75
France
6.2
0.69
USA
6.2
0.69
Czechia
6.1
0.68
 
Lower middle group
5
Greece
5.8
0.64
Netherlands
5.8
0.64
Estonia
5.6
0.61
Portugal
5.5
0.60
Belgium
5.2
0.56
Canada
5.2
0.56
4
Luxembourg
4.8
0.51
Poland
4.8
0.51
Slovenia
4.8
0.51
Japan
4.7
0.50
Hungary
4.7
0.49
Israel
4.7
0.49
Italy
4.5
0.47
Spain
4.5
0.47
Croatia
4.4
0.46
UK
4.4
0.46
New Zealand
4.3
0.44
3
Slovakia
3.7
0.36
Lithuania
3.4
0.32
Turkey
3.3
0.31
Ireland
3.1
0.28
 
Bottom group
2
Cyprus
2.9
0.25
Latvia
2.7
0.23
Mexico
2.7
0.23
Bulgaria
2.5
0.20
Malta
2.3
0.18
Romania
2.2
0.16
Chile
2.1
0.15
1
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